Novel polymer-modified electrodes for batch injection sensors and application to environmental analysis

Various polymer coatings have been investigated for the protection of mercury thin-film electrodes in the square wave anodic stripping voltammetry of environmental samples using batch injection analysis, with injection of untreated samples of volume 50 ml directly over the sensing electrode. Polymer coatings studied include those with controlled porosity, and cation-exchange polymers based on sulphonated polymers. Of the polymers tested, films of ca. 1 mm thickness made from Nafion mixed with 5% poly(vinyl sulphonic acid) were found to give the best results in tests with the model surfactants Triton-X-100 detergent, sodium dodecyl sulphate and protein standard. The validity of the approach is demonstrated by application to real samples. © 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.